A spokeswoman for Irving Oil said the company sent personnel to the crash site and provided firefighting foam within hours of the disaster.
"We did not own or control the crude oil or its transportation at any time," Carolyn Van der Veen said in an email.
Officials at World Fuel Services and Dakota Plains did not immediately return messages seeking comment.
The lawsuit seeks compensation for the damage caused by the tragedy, but no dollar figure has been publicized.
Another Montreal, Maine & Atlantic train derailed Thursday in a minor incident. One wheel of a cargo train carrying soy came off a track in Farnham, a Quebec town between Montreal and Lac-Megantic, the Transportation Safety Board of Canada said.
There were no injuries, damage and no crossings were blocked, the board said.
Canada's two largest railways, meanwhile, announced Thursday they are strengthening their own safety procedures in the wake of the Lac-Megantic disaster. Canadian Pacific Railway and Canadian National Railway said the tragedy prompted them to review their policies, including brake-setting procedures.
Montreal, Maine & Atlantic railway has also said it is reviewing its safety procedures.