Te Whatu Ora is urging green-fingered kiwis to guard against Legionnaires' disease during the spring and summer gardening season.
Legionnaires' disease or legionellosis is an uncommon but dangerous "gardener's pneumonia". There are various types, but one of the main strains is often caused by bacteria found in compost and potting mixes.
Medical Officer of Health Dr David Sinclair, from the National Public Health Service, says case numbers in New Zealand often spike in September, October and November during spring gardening season.
"Legionnaires' disease can be fatal, but it's also very easy for gardeners to protect themselves against it," Dr Sinclair said.
"By following a few simple precautions you can reduce your risk when handling compost and potting mix. Most importantly dig out a well-fitting face mask to wear, put on gloves, damp down soil and wash your hands when you're done."