P. RODGERS
Castlecliff
Coronavirus impact
There is an impending issue for New Zealand surrounding the Covid-19 (coronavirus) outbreak in China. With a very large percentage of our national revenue coming from exports to China and income from Chinese tourism there is already a negative adjustment happening in the economy.
We Kiwis can support our own businesses and help minimise this impact by buying NZ-made and travelling in NZ. Our beautiful country abounds in wonderful products as well as internationally acclaimed scenery and activities, many of which are free.
JANINE DELANEY
Castlecliff
Climate change
William Partridge's letter about the atmosphere is incorrect. Climate science is a very complex subject. The two gases causing most of the global warming effect are water vapour and CO2. They absorb heat from the Earth's surface as it is warmed by the sun. Water vapour is by far the bigger contributor.
In years past, the atmosphere was treated as one entity, like a sheet of glass. We know it's not like that. The atmosphere is in layers. As the layers go higher they are colder. A low warm layer heats the layer above. The layer above re-radiates heat to the next layer, but at a lesser rate.
This action climbs higher until the cold topmost layer radiates some heat into space. So the balance is between how much of the sun's heat the Earth's surface receives vs how much the top of the atmosphere radiates into space. At the moment we receive more energy than we radiate. Hence global warming.
As the atmosphere heats, it holds more water vapour, although the cold upper layers have little water. CO2 absorption in the atmosphere is nowhere near saturation, particularly in higher layers. More heat (energy) in the atmosphere will give more extreme rain, stronger storms, wider weather fluctuations in general, and warmer seas will rise (not just from ice melt, but from thermal expansion of the water).
A separate subject is plant growth with extra CO2. Temperature zones shift and crops will no longer grow in their current locations. Animals and insects will migrate. Nobody knows how this will turn out.
MIKE PHILO
Okoia