Tararua Detective Sergeant Shane Brown said the scene was unlike anything he had attended before, adding it was unclear what the man had been doing with the canisters before they exploded.
St John Ambulance personnel transported him to Palmerston North Hospital, but he was later transferred to Hutt Hospital for specialist care. Police completed a scene examination on Wednesday, which turned up four gas cylinders in the bedroom and more in another part of the house.
They said the man's brother had been in the sitting room when he heard a loud "bang".
He had put the victim in the shower and extinguished the fire with a garden hose.