Many such phrases invented by Shakespeare are commonplace now.
Even the very word the plot hinges on was invented by the playwright for Macbeth.
“The word assassination did not exist before this play,” Martin says.
“The word assassin did. It comes from the Arabic word hashishin, but not assassination. In that word is the essence of the main characters.”
Macbeth and Lady Macbeth are emotionally stretched to the extreme.
“The scene I like the most is the banquet scene around the middle of the play, when Banquo’s ghost appears.”
By this stage Macbeth has murdered King Duncan and has had his battlefield companion Banquo slain in case the general’s suspicions were aroused.
“Just when Macbeth is celebrating with his mates, Banquo’s ghost appears.
“First Macbeth is in control, then he’s out of control when he sees Banquo, then in control again when Banquo vanishes, then out of control when he reappears.
“Then he tells us he’s so steeped in blood he’s going to go on. He can’t stop now.”
He is still a good character, though, Martin says. After the post-battle encounter with the prophetic “weird sisters” he backs away from the thought of assassinating Duncan to become king, except his wife calls him a coward.
“For half of the play she wears the pants but just before the banquet scene that changes. Macbeth is at the top of his game,” Martin says.
“‘I’ll keep myself alone,’ he says.
“The other great thrill is the ‘tomorrow and tomorrow and tomorrow’ speech.”
This comes after his conscience-stricken wife’s suicide, which leaves Macbeth alone and tilting towards despair.
“Every time I do it I get a thrill. Your character is saying some of the most poignant lines from all literature. He speaks to every human being.”
As an actor, the sense of when to move and when to stay still can be felt in the words, Martin says.
“That’s the beauty and the majesty of the language.”